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Milepost: 84.0

The (Former) Missing Link

By Ranger Hollie

After several years at C&O Canal's Cumberland Visitor Center, I've found that most visitors ask many of the same questions. "When did the canal operate?" "What was life like for the people working the canal boats?" "What are the conditions of the towpath?" "Can you really bike from here (Cumberland) to Georgetown on the towpath?"

It is that last question that I always hated answering. Without trying to dash their enthusiasm, I would smile and reply "Almost, ...with the exception of Big Slackwater." It had been nearly 15 years since a park ranger, like myself, could say, "Yes!"

On a map, the C&O Canal meanders from Cumberland to Georgetown, hugging the Potomac River nearly the entire way. The 10-foot wide dirt/gravel towpath was continuous, all 184.5 miles, except for one small section between mileposts 84 and 89. It is this 2.7 mile stretch, commonly known as Big Slackwater, that I pointed out to visitors as the only "missing link" along the historic canal.

Big Slackwater is downstream from McMahon's Mill. Canal boats once entered the river here as the mules continued walking along the towpath. C&O Canal Company engineers chose to utilize the pools behind Dam 4 and Dam 5 rather than dig a canal prism because of rocky cliffs along the river. In 1996, severe flooding caused extensive damage to the towpath, making this section of the historic canal impassible for over 15 years.

For pedestrians and bicyclist traveling the canal, the missing section was first seen as a nuisance. Undoubtedly, it was an inconvenience to leave the peaceful serenity of nature along towpath to bike 4.5 miles on winding and narrow country back roads. However, what this missing section also represented to many visitors is that despite their best efforts they were incapable of biking the entire 184.5 miles of C&O Canal.

But, this has now changed! In the summer of 2010, the National Park Service began reconstructing the missing section of towpath and was completed in the fall of 2012.

This much-anticipated project signified the completion of the canal once again and the reconstruction of the infamous missing link. I am happy to finally be able to tell visitors that, "Yes! You can now explore the canal in its entirety, 184.5 miles, from start to finish."
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Points of Interest
  • Dam No. 4 is nearly 800 ft across and stands 20 ft high. An original structure composed of "rock rubble" with timber cribs, Dam No. 4 was rebuilt as a masonry "high rock" dam after incurring severe f... Read More

  • The Big Slackwater Guard Lock, constructed of blue-gray limestone, permitted canal boats to enter and exit the Potomac River, traveling from canal prism to slackwater navigation. At this particular l... Read More

  • Today the power plant located near milepost 84 is owned by Potomac Edison and produces an ample supply of electricity for the town of Shepherdstown, West Virginia. Historically, the power plant suppl... Read More

  • Unlike other locks along the C&O Canal, lock 41 had a special purpose. It was the structure through which canal boats entered and exited the Slackwater area of the Potomac River. Lock 41 was construc... Read More

  • McMahon's Mill, also known as Charles Mill, Cedar Grove Mill, Shaffer's Old Flouring Mills and Avis Mill, consists of a large framed gambrel-roofed structure situated on a fieldstone foundation. In t... Read More


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