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A New Deal on Life

By Ranger Kelly

My favorite canal stories involve how the canal keeps reinventing itself. For example, when it became clear that the railroad was far superior to the canal in connecting the Chesapeake Bay to the Ohio River, the C&O Canal Company stopped construction in Cumberland in 1850 and began running as a coal transportation company, moving the rich Cumberland coal down to the growing industrial center in Georgetown. The C&O Canal Company ran as such until 1924.

The Canal got a new lease on life again in the 1930s. When talk started on what to do with the abandoned canal, many people saw it as a perfect project for President Roosevelt's New Deal. Following the Great Depression, the New Deal created programs to put people back to work, improve infrastructure, and reinvigorate the economy. Two African American camps of Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) workers were set up along the canal near Carderock. The CCC workers, and people working through other New Deal programs, improved the towpath, fixed locks, rewatered the first 22 miles, and refurbished several buildings along the canal, including Lockhouse 10. It was the first of many conservation efforts along the canal. These conservation efforts started a precedent for rehabilitating the canal for visitors interested in hiking, biking, kayaking and history exploration.

Lockhouse 10 has a "New Deal" again. The latest conservation effort is called Canal Quarters. The National Park Service, along with its partner, the Canal Trust, are rehabilitating several lockhouses including this one, and opening them to the public for overnight stays. Each house represents a different time period in the canal's history. I had the privilege of working on Lockhouse 10, which has been brought back to the 1930s when the CCC rehabilitated it. All of the furnishings and accoutrements are indicative of the 1930s, down to the family games in the living room. There are also many interpretive panels and a scrapbook inside to tell the story of the CCC and their work.

If you would like to experience this pivotal time in the C&O Canal's history, spend a night in Lockhouse 10. You might just find the inspiration necessary to reinvent yourself. Visit www.canalquarters.org.
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Points of Interest
  • The Public Works Administration (PWA) used skilled laborers to rebuild most of the masonry lock walls. Notice the lock has a drop gate, which was introduced to speed up traffic along the canal.

  • One of the CCC camps was at Carderock. The restrooms there were built by the CCC. The other was just upstream of the Interstate 495 bridge. If you look in the woods on the left, can you imagine a ca... Read More

  • Several of the buildings surrounding the Great Falls Tavern, including the pumphouse, boiler and old restrooms, were built by the CCC.

  • The nearby island, Plummers Island, has been studied and preserved by the Washington Biologist's Field Club since 1908, giving it the distinction of the being the most studied island in North America... Read More

  • Lockhouse 6, furnished with pieces from the 1950s, invites guests to enjoy the canal from the front porch and learn about the fight to save the canal.


1850 Dual Highway • Suite 100 • Hagerstown, MD 21740 • Tel: 301-714-2233
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